What were the weak and beggarly elements and the pagan practices, as mentioned in Galatians 4:9-10? In what way did false teachers try to "exclude" the Galatians (Galatians 4:16)? What were the allegorical two covenants which Paul addressed, beginning in Galatians 4:22? These and other questions are addressed in our fourth installment on Paul's letter to the Galatians. Summary Terms: Ten Commandments circumcision grace justification Abraham's seed heirs inheritors bondage God's nature adoption sonship seasons times infirmity thorn flesh Hagar Ishmael heavenly Jerusalem Less